Quick-action chuck



Mar. 27, 1923.

1 R. PLANK.

\ QUICK ACTION CHUCK.

ORIGINAL FILED NOVA l0, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

L 4 m 9, w 4 4, m 11 m u Mar. 27, 1923.

JR PLANK QUICK ACTION CHUCK.

omGlNAL FILED NovM x0. 1917.

y 'mfq /7 whe@ l elements ofthe chuck.`

Patented Mar. 27, 1923.

rs g'rn here ica. i

J RAYMOND PLANK, 0F GRA'ND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, SSIGNOR TO'WOLVERINE BRASS WORKS, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

QUICK-,ACTION CHUCK.

Application led November 10, 1917, Serial No. 201,383. Renewed February 3, 1923.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, J RAYMOND PLANK, citizen of the `United VStates of America, residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have `invented certain new and useful Improvements in Quick-Action Chucks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

` This invention relates to a quick action chuck adapted for use in holding drills, taps, reamersand like tools which may be driven in any suitable drill press or like machine, the chuck of the present invention being desi ed so that a drillor like tool may be quickly disconnected from the driving spindle or socket member in kwhich, it is located at any time, the spindle or socket member` continuing its rotation while the drill or like tool is freed from engagement therewith. The invention is directed especially to the attainment of these ends and comprises various novel constructions and arrangements of parts for attaining the same as wellas many other novel features which will be. apparent as understanding is had of the construction from the following description.

The drawings show preferred forms of my invention `and in said drawings;

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the chuck.

y Fig. 2 is an elevation of the socket mem*l ber adapted to receive an end of a drill or like tool. w f

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken through the construction shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is `'a-section taken substantially on` y its innerfsldes andy adjacent its upper end the housing has a relatively short vertical the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

end of a drillr or like tool used with the chuck. y

Fig. 6 is a section on the line (iw-Got Fig. 5. y

Figs. 7 andl Sare, respectively, plan and side views of a pair of locking dogs forming adapted to be Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modified form of'chuck. i Fig.' 10` is a vertical sectional view therethrough. y l l v Fig.` 11 is` vertical sectional .view through the socket member.

.pressures tra? of ertragen" Fig. 12 is a plan View of the chuck shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 13 is a horizontal section on the line 13-13 of Fig. 10, and

Fig. 14 is a view, similar lto Fig. 5, `of a slightly modified form of drill or similar tool. f

`In the drawings like reference characters referto like parts and the sectional views, Figs. 4, 6 and 13 are taken looking `in the directions indicated' `by the arrows associated` with section lines %4, 6-6, and 13-13, respectively. l

In construction socket member 1 is` of cylindrical `form and is interiorly bored from its lower end to provide a longitudinal cylindrical opening 2 into `which the upper end of a drill, reamer, or like `tool socket member is continually rotated. The

upper end of the drill of tool, 3 is ofy special formation it having a substantially semi-spherical head 4 formed with abevel, as indicated at 5, adjacent its underside and, immediately below the head,l the drill is reduced in diameter and' has p'arts cut away at each side whereby' a section 6 is formed having opposed `flat parallel. sides 7 as best shown in Fig. 6. A passage 8 is made through` the socket 1 from'the kupper end of the boring or` recesses 2 whereby air is freeto enter or pass out through `this opening on removaljor entering the tool into thesocket. f

Ahousing in the form ot an annular' ring 9 is positioned around the socket 1. On

cylindrical face 10 from the lower vpart of which an annular downwardly and outwardly extending face 11 continues whichmeets and joins with avsecond inner cylindrical `face 12 having a diameter largerthan the face 1() and from the lower part of which a downwardly and inwardly extending `inclined annular face 13 continues which meets a thirdzcylindrical-face 14 of less height than either the facesr 10 or 12 and of apdiameter intermediate :in ysize bea inggrea'ter'. than that of. the face ylOland as shown "in Fig. 3. At its upper end the housing has an o ening which freely passes the socket mem er 1f-A cover 15 also having an open-xy ing for-the socket member' is fitted in and ends have curved faces 17 str uck withV substantially the same radius as the face l0 and at their innenends arabevelled as indicated.

at 18 at both the upper and lower edges. The socket Imember 1 vhasuopposed openings 19 in its sides through which said jawsxpass and the rdistancebetween#the body ofy the drill or similar tool 3 and its head 4 is such that-fthe? inner ends of the jaws may pass freely therebetween. f-

In practice when the drill is inserted in the opening@ and the chuck occupies its normal fposition, the curvedinner face '10 of the housing=9.bears againstftheouter curved faces 1.72ct the jaws 16 and forcesthenrirr wardly so that-their-innerends engage with the parallel flat sides 7 of thecpart 6er of the toolA The.housing-rests upon outerA ends ofthe jaws. V16v In this position as shown in Fig.. 3 the drill is secured toand must rotatewith the socket member. Housing 9, however, is'free tor moveuupwardly andy if at anytimc it is desired to remove the drill entirely from t-hesocketthe` housing 9 may begrasped vby hand vand elevated sov that theA ends. of jaws 16 may move outwardly into the larger space inside of the housing bounded .by the cylindrical face' 12. lVhen this occurs jaws 1li-may loe-moved back snit'-v i'ciently todisengage entirely from the tool and it-nia-y be removed and another inserted withoutstopp'ing the rotation ofthe socketY inember.-` If.; however, as' many' times occurs, it is desired that the-drill or similar tool shall bezstopped but not entirely removed from'the machine, housing 9 is eleva-ted as far as possible whereuponthe jaws 16 do not entirely Vdisconnect from-the tool but .can` move outward only as far as permitted by theI lower-inner cylindrical lface 14 ofthe housing, In such case the inner ends of the jaws 1 6 project slightly throughthe open-` ings 19 ofthe socket member .sof that the bevelled'ace 5 or' hea-d l restsupon the in.-- nerends ofi the'ja'ws, .this preventing the withdrawal of the tool but .permitting itr to stand still Whilethe socket member and 1connected jawsffreely rotate. This isdesirable at-times especially in the drilling of' metal where the drill is about t0 break through.

or where kit strikes a fault or blowv hole in the metal such that the drill feeding. too .tast is liable to" catch a.. .lip lof, metal which `resists the( turning thereoi'fv.. The. operator "ot ther-vdrilli'or othertoolby-'quicklydifting the the'idrillnjfromjdriving .en-f

housing 9' fr or other injury to the drill is safe-guarded against.

igs. 9 to 111 inclusive the construction is very similar except that theY hoiising 9iL has only the two interior faces 10a and 12L instead. o'liethree facescorrespondingto ,the face `10, 12, and-11 in the first modification described. The socket4 1fL tool 3a.'. dogs 16a and closing plate 15a torthe housing are substantially the same as previously. described.f-'l`he'head 4 of the tool instead of being semi-spherical in outline is more in 'the-naturef-o'f rustro-conical outline but is equivalent'in every respect l to the head 4 previously describech yWith'ft'his' chuck the quick connection and `disconnection oil the tool only` is4 attained `there* being omitted? the construction by-A means f ot" which free rotation' of the socketmemberwvithreL spect to `the-tool,` withfth'e'toohretained iin thesocket,"is eiected: "-9

"A chuck lclit-hecharacter described is of valuel especially in saving time iin changing drills, tapsyreamers;oir-like tiools in "drill presses. Ordinarilydtl is'` necessaryI to" stop the `driving spindle whenever *ai 'change' i'n* tools is tobeL made. llurth'erniore with the construction in Figs. 1 to :8"inclusive insur` ance against breaking or' other `rinjuryto the tool may be liadwithout entirely disconnecting'the tool.- rlIhe chuck is' of simple construction and may be readily manufactured and assembled'at comparativelyflo'vt7 Cost,` 1j* 1.1.1. f1 1.*

1. Im/combination, a socket member1 inte-k riorly bored' tOfpern'fiitl the entranceofa drillv .shank `or similari member and" provid ed wit-h1a-pluralit-y of openings through the sides thereof, i said i openings having parallel upper and *lower A'sides and parallel" vertical sides, a dog seated in each openingv Vand freely 'movable radially with respect toi the socket membei'in isaid'opening, said dogsv` each havingan 'outer' curved end, parallel upper andV lower sides, parallel verticaly sides at'itsl innerportion and angularly positioned vertical sides` at their outer portionvto limit their inward. movement, and eachvldog tical `face lyingin 4a plane..'at`right angles to the planes of lthe upperY andlower' sides Y and the. inner *portions of y the Lvertical Asides otv the dog,` an ann'ularv 4housing :member loosely mountederound the socket member an'd adapted to movelengthvvise thereof,Vv said. housing. member being formedvwithfan' inner cylindrical `face having substantially"l the saine radiusOifcurvatulV .as theffouter ends of said dogs` andadapt'ed toi/bear against said outeends .thereofjand `forcethe dogs tol innerposition, andalso provid;

two cylindrical faces, substantially as described.

2. A device containing the elements in combination defined in claim l, combined with integral means closing the upper end of the housing member having an opening permitting the passage of the socket meinber, said mea-ns by engagement with the outer ends of the dogs at their upper sides limiting the movementof the housing member along the socket member and preventing disengagement therefrom in a downward di* rection, and. a plate attached to and closing the lower end of the housing member having an opening to pass the socket member and similarly engaging with said dogs to prevent disengagement on upward movement of the housing member.

3. In combination a cylindrical socket member adapted to receive the shank of a drill or similar tool, dogs loosely mounted in openings through the sides of said socket member, a housingmember around the socket member and loosely mounted to freely move around and lengthwise thereof, said member being formed interiorly with an upper cylindrical face, an intermediate cylindrical face of larger diameter and a lower cylindrical face having a diameter of a size between that of the first mentioned faces, together with annular conical interior faces connecting said cylindrical faces, substantially as described.

4. A mechanism as claimed in claim 3 com` bined with a plate placed loosely around the socket member and closing the lower end of the housing member, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

J RAYMOND PLANK. 

